The Equations we know of
First is General Relativity. The action can be put in this form:
\[ S_{EH'}=\frac{1}{8\kappa}\int \sqrt{-g}\left( g^{ab}g^{de}g^{cf}
+2 g^{ac}g^{bf}g^{de} + 3g^{ad}g^{be}g^{cf} -6 g^{ad}g^{bf}g^{ce} \right)\partial_c g_{ab}\partial_f g_{de}
dx^4 \]
Where \(g^{ab} = \frac{1}{4!}\varepsilon^{apqr}\varepsilon^{auvw}g_{pu}g_{qv}g_{rw} / \det(g) \)
We can get Maxwell's equations from the above by a Kaluza-Klein compactification on (D+n) dimensions. They are: \[S_{YM} = \int\sqrt{-g}\frac{1}{2}(g^{ab}g^{cd} - g^{ac}g^{bd})(\partial_a A_b + i A_a A_b) (\partial_c A_d + i A_c A_d) dx^4 \] Where the A fields are matrices which generate the gauge group. Then Dirac's equations are: \[S_D = \int e \psi^\dagger e^a\sigma (\partial_a + i A_a.\tau + i\Omega_a)\psi + M (\psi \varepsilon\psi + \psi^\dagger \varepsilon\psi^\dagger )dx^4\] with: \[ \Omega_a = \varepsilon e_a e^b e^c \partial_b e_c \] and \(\tau\) is a generator of a gauge group, such as SU(n). M is a matrix which gives the masses. \(\psi\) is a collumn of particles. And \[\sigma.x = \begin{bmatrix} x+t & y+iz \\ y-iz & x-t\end{bmatrix} \] \[\varepsilon = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0\end{bmatrix} \] What we don't know: Why gauge group is \(SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)\). Where the particle masses, CKM matrix and PMNS matrix gets their values. Finally there is a Higgs field: \[S_H = \int \sqrt{-g} \left(g^{ab}(\partial_a+iA_a) \phi (\partial_b +iA_b)\phi + V(\phi) \right)dx^4 \]
We can get Maxwell's equations from the above by a Kaluza-Klein compactification on (D+n) dimensions. They are: \[S_{YM} = \int\sqrt{-g}\frac{1}{2}(g^{ab}g^{cd} - g^{ac}g^{bd})(\partial_a A_b + i A_a A_b) (\partial_c A_d + i A_c A_d) dx^4 \] Where the A fields are matrices which generate the gauge group. Then Dirac's equations are: \[S_D = \int e \psi^\dagger e^a\sigma (\partial_a + i A_a.\tau + i\Omega_a)\psi + M (\psi \varepsilon\psi + \psi^\dagger \varepsilon\psi^\dagger )dx^4\] with: \[ \Omega_a = \varepsilon e_a e^b e^c \partial_b e_c \] and \(\tau\) is a generator of a gauge group, such as SU(n). M is a matrix which gives the masses. \(\psi\) is a collumn of particles. And \[\sigma.x = \begin{bmatrix} x+t & y+iz \\ y-iz & x-t\end{bmatrix} \] \[\varepsilon = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0\end{bmatrix} \] What we don't know: Why gauge group is \(SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)\). Where the particle masses, CKM matrix and PMNS matrix gets their values. Finally there is a Higgs field: \[S_H = \int \sqrt{-g} \left(g^{ab}(\partial_a+iA_a) \phi (\partial_b +iA_b)\phi + V(\phi) \right)dx^4 \]
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